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Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru - Volume 20, Number 2—February 2014 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC

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Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru - Volume 20, Number 2—February 2014 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC

IN THIS ISSUE FOR FEBRUARY 2014

Volume 20, Number 2—February 2014

Dispatch

Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru

Hugo Razuri12Comments to Author , Rafal Tokarz2, Bruno M. Ghersi, Gabriela Salmon-Mulanovich, M. Claudia Guezala, Christian Albujar, A. Patricia Mendoza, Yeny O. Tinoco, Christopher Cruz, Maria Silva, Alicia Vasquez, Víctor Pacheco, Ute Ströher, Lisa Wiggleton Guerrero, Deborah Cannon, Stuart T. Nichol, David L. Hirschberg, W. Ian Lipkin, Daniel G. Bausch3, and Joel M. Montgomery3
Author affiliations: United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru (H. Razuri, B.M. Ghersi, G. Salmon-Mulanovich, M.C. Guezala, C. Albujar, A.P. Mendoza, Y.O. Tinoco, C. Cruz, M. Silva, D.G. Bausch, J.M. Montgomery)Columbia University, New York, New York, USA (R. Tokarz, D.L. Hirschberg, W.I. Lipkin);Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima (A. Vasquez, V. Pacheco)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (U. Ströher, L. Wiggleton Guerrero, D. Cannon, S.T. Nichol)Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA (D.G. Bausch)

Abstract

We investigated hantaviruses in rodents in the southern Amazon Basin of Peru and identified an Andes virus variant from Neacomys spinosus mice. This finding extends the known range of this virus in South America and the range of recognized hantaviruses in Peru. Further studies of the epizoology of hantaviruses in this region are warranted.
Hantaviruses are enveloped, tripartite, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses belonging to the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. More than 15 hantaviruses have been recognized in the Americas, most in South America (1). Hantaviruses are maintained in rodents and shrews, usually with a tight pairing between the specific virus and host species. On the American continents, hantaviruses can evoke a severe acute disease known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), which carries typical case-fatality rates of 35%–40%, depending on the particular virus (1). Hantavirus host–reservoir pairs continue to be discovered, and details of hantavirus epidemiology and the risk for transmission of hantaviruses to humans continue to emerge.
Figure 1
Thumbnail of Regions of Peru, indicating areas of previous hantavirus study (Loreto [2]) and the study of hantaviruses described in this article (Madre de Dios and Puno). Capital cities of the Loreto and Madre de Dios Regions are indicated by black dots.
Figure 1. . Regions of Peru, indicating areas of previous hantavirus study (Loreto [2]) and the study of hantaviruses described in this article (Madre de Dios and Puno). Capital cities of the Loreto...
Data on hantaviruses in Peru are sparse and confined to the Loreto Region in the northern Amazon Basin (Figure 1), where a 1996 study of rodents showed a 20% prevalence of IgG to hantaviruses and the identification of a Rio Mamoré–like hantavirus fromOligoryzomys microtis rodents (2). The IgG prevalence in humans in Loreto tested during 2007–2010 was low (1.7%) (3). Nevertheless, 4 cases (3 fatal) of human hantavirus infection were reported in 2011 in this region, 2 from Rio Mamoré and 2 from Seoul virus (4,5).To expand the knowledge base on hantaviruses in Peru, we conducted an investigation of rodents in a previously unexplored area of Peru’s southern Amazon Basin.

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