martes, 25 de abril de 2017

The association between malaria and malnutrition among under-five children in Shashogo District, Southern Ethiopia: a case-control study | Infectious Diseases of Poverty | Full Text

The association between malaria and malnutrition among under-five children in Shashogo District, Southern Ethiopia: a case-control study | Infectious Diseases of Poverty | Full Text

Biomed Central

Infectious Diseases of Poverty

The association between malaria and malnutrition among under-five children in Shashogo District, Southern Ethiopia: a case-control study

  • Terefe GoneEmail author,
  • Fiseha Lemango,
  • Endale Eliso,
  • Samuel Yohannes and
  • Tadele Yohannes
Infectious Diseases of Poverty20176:9
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0221-y
Received: 14 December 2015
Accepted: 15 December 2016
Published: 13 January 2017

Abstract

Background

Recent studies have presented conflicting findings about whether malaria is associated with an increased or decreased risk of malnutrition. Therefore, assessing the relationship between these two disastrous diseases in the most vulnerable groups, such as in children aged below 5 years (under-five children), may lead to the discovery of new low-cost and effective aides to current methods of malnutrition prevention in malaria-endemic areas. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the relationship between malaria and malnutrition among under five children in an area with a high degree of malaria transmission.

Methods

The study involved comparing malnourished children aged 6–59 months and nourished children of the same age for their past exposure to malaria, in Shashogo District, Southern Ethiopia. A validated structured questionnaire was used to collect home to home socioeconomic data and anthropometric instruments for clinical data. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics by means of EpiData entry software and STATA data analysis software.

Results

A total of 356 (89 malnourished and 267 nourished) under-five children participated in the study. Previous exposure to Plasmodium infection was found to be a predictor for the manifestation of malnutrition in under-five children (P = 0.02 [OR = 1.87, CI = 1.115–3.138]). Children from a household with a monthly income of less than USD 15 were 4.5 more likely to be malnourished as compared to the other children (P = 0.001 [OR = 0.422, CI = 0.181–0.978]).

Conclusion

This study found that exposure to Plasmodium has a significant impact on the nutritional status of children. In addition, socio-demographic factors, such as family income, may play a role in determining whether children are malnourished or not and may lead to increased morbidity due to malnourishment in children living in malaria-endemic areas. Therefore, malnutrition control interventions should be consolidated with malaria prevention strategies particularly in high malaria transmission areas.

Keywords

Malaria Malnutrition Under-five children Ethiopia

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